Dental fillings are a common treatment for restoring teeth damaged by decay back to their normal function and shape. When a dentist gives you a filling, they first remove the decayed tooth material, clean the affected area, and then fill the cleaned-out cavity with a filling material. This helps prevent further decay by closing off any cracks or spaces where bacteria might enter. There are several types of filling materials available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages:
1. Amalgam (Silver) Fillings
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Amalgam (Silver) Fillings[/caption]
Pros:
- Durability: Amalgam fillings are very strong and can withstand the forces of chewing, typically lasting 10 to 15 years or more.
- Cost-Effective: They are less expensive than composite resins or other types of fillings.
- Time-tested: Amalgam has been used for over a century and has a proven track record of safety and effectiveness.
Cons:
- Aesthetic: The dark color of amalgam doesn't match the natural tooth, which can be particularly noticeable in visible areas.
- Tooth Structure Removal: More tooth structure may need to be removed to place an amalgam filling compared to other types.
- Potential Cracks and Fractures: The metal can expand and contract, potentially causing cracks in the tooth.
- Mercury Content: Although the mercury is bound with other metals and considered safe for most people, some concern remains about its use and environmental impact.
2. Composite Resins (Tooth-Colored Fillings)
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Composite Resins (Tooth-Colored Fillings)[/caption]
Pros:
- Aesthetics: Composite fillings can be closely matched to the color of existing teeth, making them less noticeable.
- Bonding to Tooth Structure: Composites bond to the tooth structure providing additional support.
- Versatility: They can also be used to repair chipped, broken, or worn teeth.
Cons:
- Durability: Composite fillings can be less durable than amalgam and may not last as long under the pressure of chewing.
- Cost: They can be more expensive than amalgam fillings.
- Longer Placement Time: The process of placing a composite filling can be longer because the cavity needs to be kept clean and dry while the filling is being applied.
3. Ceramic Fillings
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Ceramic Fillings[/caption]
Pros:
- Aesthetics: Ceramic fillings are tooth-colored and more resistant to staining than composite resin.
- Durability: They are very durable and wear-resistant.
Cons:
- Cost: Ceramic fillings are more expensive than composite and amalgam fillings.
- Brittleness: While strong, ceramics can be brittle compared to other types of fillings and may crack under pressure.
4. Gold Fillings
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Gold Fillings[/caption]
Pros:
- Durability: Gold fillings are extremely durable and can last more than 20 years.
- Strength: They can withstand chewing forces well.
Cons:
- Cost: Gold is among the most expensive filling materials.
- Aesthetic: Like amalgam, gold fillings do not match the natural color of teeth.
- Additional Office Visits: Gold fillings require at least two office visits to place.
5. Glass Ionomer
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Glass Ionomer[/caption]
Pros:
- Release of Fluoride: Glass ionomer fillings can release fluoride, which can help protect the tooth from further decay.
- Good for Below-the-Gum Fillings: They are well-suited for fillings below the gum line or for young children.
Cons:
- Durability: Less durable than composite resin and more prone to wear and fracture.
- Aesthetic: The color match is not as good as composite resins.
Choosing the right type of dental filling often depends on the location of the filling, the extent of the repair, the cost, and your personal preferences. Discuss with your dentist to determine the most appropriate material based on your specific needs.
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